At what temperature and pressure is glassware sterilized through autoclaving?

Autoclaving is a widely used method for sterilizing laboratory glassware, medical equipment, and other materials that can withstand high temperatures and pressure. The process itself involves the use of steam under pressure to achieve sterilization.

The correct conditions for autoclaving are typically set at a temperature of 121 degrees Celsius combined with a pressure of 15 psi. At this temperature and pressure, the steam penetrates materials effectively, killing bacteria, viruses, and spores, thereby achieving sterilization. This combination is crucial because it allows for a shorter duration of exposure while still ensuring that all microbial life is eliminated.

The other conditions identified in the choices often reflect suboptimal scenarios for effective sterilization. For example, 100 degrees Celsius at 15 psi would not achieve the necessary temperature for effective sterilization; steam at this temperature can facilitate pasteurization but not sterilization. Similarly, while higher temperatures like 150 degrees Celsius might suggest effective sterilization, the corresponding pressure needs to be appropriate for such a temperature, which isn't the case here. Thus, 121 degrees Celsius at 15 psi stands out as the standard autoclaving condition recommended in most sterilization protocols.