What is the primary benefit of maintaining a neutral pH in water treatment?

Maintaining a neutral pH, which is around 7, is essential in water treatment primarily because it significantly reduces the risk of corrosion in the water distribution system and treatment facilities. When the pH of water is outside the neutral range, particularly if it becomes acidic (below pH 7) or alkaline (above pH 7), it can lead to the deterioration of pipes and fixtures due to corrosion. Acidic water can leach metals from pipes, such as lead and copper, posing health risks to consumers. Conversely, water that is too alkaline may precipitate minerals or create scale, which can also affect water flow and quality. Therefore, controlling the pH to remain neutral ensures the longevity of infrastructure, maintains water quality, and helps protect public health by minimizing the leaching of harmful substances into the water supply.